Electronic devices like computers and smartphones have become indispensable for storing sensitive information such as personal letters, financial records, login credentials, and priceless recollections.
Unfortunately, these same devices are also attractive targets for viruses and other malware. In fact, there are an estimated 2.2 million new malware samples created every day! This means that, on average, each person who owns a computer or smart device will encounter nine new pieces of malware every hour.
With such a large volume of new viruses being created, you might wonder how many computer viruses there are in total. Nobody knows for sure. However, some researchers estimate that over 350 million active malware samples are currently in the wild.
The number of computer viruses is constantly increasing as more and more people use electronic devices and connect to the internet. However, you may take several easy measures to safeguard your equipment from malicious software.
Read on to learn more about malware’s dangers and how to safeguard your electronics.
How Many Computer Viruses Are There?
As we mentioned above, the number of computer viruses is constantly increasing. Some researchers estimate that over 350 million active malware samples are currently in the wild. This means that, at any given time, 350 million unique pieces of malware are actively infecting devices worldwide.
The exact sum could be more or lower. However, what we do know for sure is that the number of viruses is increasing at an alarming rate. In fact, some estimates suggest that the number of new malware samples created every day has increased by over 400% in the last five years.
How Do Computer Viruses Spread?
There is no single method by which a computer virus can propagate. Email attachments are by far the most prevalent means of doing this. If someone opens the attachment, their computer will become infected with the virus.
Viruses can also spread through websites. If you go to a website that already has a virus on it, there is a risk that the virus will spread to your own computer. This is why exercising caution while selecting websites to browse and only downloading data from reputable sources is crucial.
The Most Common Types of Computer Viruses
Computer viruses come in a wide variety, with some being more prevalent than others. Some of the more frequent viruses are as follows:
Trojan Horse
The term “Trojan horse” describes malicious software masquerading as a trusted program. Without the users’ knowledge and permission, a Trojan can access their computer system. Once installed, they can be used to perform various malicious actions, such as stealing passwords, downloading additional malware, or allowing remote access to the system.
Trojans are often spread via phishing emails or through exploit kits that take advantage of unpatched vulnerabilities. They can also be delivered as part of a drive-by-download attack. Detecting and removing Trojans can be difficult, as they often masquerade as legitimate files or programs. As such, exercising caution when opening email attachments or visiting unfamiliar websites is important.
Worms
Like Trojan horses, worms can rapidly replicate and grant their creators remote access to infected computers. On the other hand, unlike Trojans, they don’t rely on user intervention to multiply. By exploiting security holes, worms can copy themselves and propagate to other devices in a network.
They can also spread through email attachments or instant messages. Once a worm has infected a computer, it can be used to perform various malicious actions, such as stealing passwords, deleting files, or launching denial-of-service attacks. Worms can be difficult to detect and remove, as they often replicate themselves quickly.
As such, they can cause significant damage to a system if left unchecked.
Polymorphic Virus
A polymorphic virus is a computer virus that can change its own code as it spreads, making it difficult to detect and remove. One of the most notorious examples of a polymorphic virus is the “WannaCry” virus, which caused massive damage when it was released in 2017.
Over 200 thousand computers in 150 different countries were attacked with the “WannaCry” virus, which encrypted data and demanded a fee to decrypt it. While some companies and individuals were able to recover their data, others were not so lucky. The “WannaCry” virus highlighted the importance of having good antivirus protection, as well as regularly backing up data.
Direct Action Virus
A direct-action virus is a type of malware that takes action without the user’s knowledge or consent. Typically, direct-action viruses will install themselves on a victim’s computer and then perform some sort of malicious activity, such as deleting files, modifying data, or sending spam emails. In some cases, direct-action viruses can also grant an attacker remote access to the infected machine.
The most common infection methods for direct-action viruses are malicious websites and email attachments. Once a user opens the attachment or visits the website, the virus will install itself on their computer. Direct action viruses can be difficult to remove and often require specialized software or assistance from a professional.
Macro Virus
A computer virus written in macro languages is known as a macro virus. Macro languages are simple programming languages built into many applications, such as Microsoft Word or Excel.
Macro viruses exploit the capabilities of these applications to infect files and spread themselves to other computers.
Macro viruses are usually not as harmful as other types of computer viruses, but they can still cause damage and disrupt productivity. Most antivirus programs can detect and remove macro viruses, so keeping your antivirus software up-to-date is important.
Boot Sector Virus
The boot sector of a hard disk can become infected with malicious software known as a boot sector virus. Because it might be challenging to find and get rid of, this kind of virus poses a unique threat.
Once a boot sector virus is in place, it can corrupt the operating system and cause the computer to become unstable. In some cases, a boot sector virus can even render a computer unusable.
Resident Virus
A computer resident virus is malicious code that is permanently embedded in a computer’s memory. Once the virus has been created, it will reproduce and spread to other documents on the same computer.
Resident viruses are often difficult to detect and remove because they are not associated with any specific file. Instead, they become part of the machine’s operating system, making it hard to identify which files are infected.
Additionally, resident viruses can remain active even after the original file has been deleted. As a result, computer resident viruses can cause extensive damage to a computer’s software and hardware.
Web Scripting Virus
A web scripting virus is a type of virus that can execute itself automatically on a web page viewed in a web browser. This type of virus is often embedded in malicious JavaScript code or other web-based scripts. When the web page is loaded, the JavaScript code is executed, which can then infect the user’s computer with the virus.
Web scripting viruses can perform various malicious actions, such as stealing sensitive information, redirecting users to malicious websites, or installing malware on the user’s computer. Some online scripting viruses are harmless, but others can be quite harmful to your computer and should be eliminated immediately.
Iloveyou Virus
On May 4, 2000, a computer virus dubbed the “iloveyou” virus began circulating online. Also known as the “Love Bug,” this virus caused billions of dollars in damages and affected millions of computers worldwide. The iloveyou virus was spread primarily through email attachments.
Microsoft Outlook is commonly used as the default email management tool on corporate networks around the world, making it an easy target for the ILOVEYOU virus.
When the attachment was opened, it would automatically forward itself to the victim’s entire contact list. In addition, the virus would overwrite certain files on the hard drive, making it difficult or impossible to access important data.
Although the iloveyou virus caused a great deal of havoc, it was relatively easy to remove once it was identified. As a result of this and other computer viruses, many people now take precautions to avoid opening unknown email attachments.
File Infector Virus
Malware known as a file infector virus targets executable files (ending in “.exe”) on a user’s computer. The virus inserts itself into these files and is executed when the infected file is run. When the virus is executed, it infects other executable files on the victim’s computer and any connected external devices.
File infector viruses can be spread through email attachments, removable storage devices, and websites that host infected files. Some well-known file infector viruses include the WannaCry and NotPetya viruses.
File infector viruses can cause significant damage to a victim’s computer and should be removed immediately by running a reputable antivirus program.
Multipartite Virus
Another type of computer virus is called a multipartite virus because it infects a computer by splitting it into several smaller pieces. Each part of the virus infects a different computer area, making it difficult to remove. Some multipartite viruses can be propagated via malicious websites or email attachments.
In some cases, the virus may also infect removable media, such as USB drives, making it difficult to contain. Multipartite viruses can be very difficult to remove, and they can cause serious damage to a computer system.
Browser Hijacker
A browser hijacker is a malicious software that takes over your browser and replaces your home page, default search engine, and new tab page with malicious ones. Browser hijackers can also redirect your web searches to malicious websites that display intrusive ads or attempt to steal your personal information.
Unfortunately, browser hijackers are a common problem with free software or plug-ins and can be tough to uninstall. If you suspect that your web browser has been hijacked, you should run a reputable antivirus program to scan your computer for malware.
Ransomware Attack
Most of the time, phishing or malicious websites are used in ransomware attacks. Once your computer is infected, the ransomware will encrypt your files and display a ransom note demanding that you pay a certain amount of money to get the decryption key.
Ransomware attacks can be devastating and often target businesses or individuals with large amounts of data. If your computer has been attacked with ransomware, you should not pay the demanded ransom and instead seek expert assistance to get the infection removed.
Steps To Protect Your Computer
No matter if you use your computer for work or play, you probably care about its safety and security. When thinking about computer safety, it’s important to keep in mind the possibility of online attacks and the possibility that your machine and the data it contains could be stolen.
Malicious software such as viruses, ransomware, and other forms of cyberattacks pose a significant threat to computer systems.
Below are some steps you can take to reduce your risk of infection:
Install And Maintain Reputable Antivirus Software
The internet is both a boon and a bane; while it provides easy access to a wealth of information, it also poses risks. Viruses, malware attacks, and other online threats can wreak havoc on your computer, putting your personal information at risk.
For this reason, trustworthy antivirus software must be installed and updated frequently. By identifying and removing harmful malware attacks, antivirus software guards your machine against harm.
It can also block harmful websites and warn you about dangerous email attachments. When choosing an antivirus program, look for one that offers comprehensive protection, is easy to use, and is compatible with your operating System.
Keep Your System Up-To-Date
Keep up with software and security upgrades, even if doing so seems like a nuisance at the time. In addition to expanding functionality, these patches fix potential security issues. This indicates that the developer of your Software or software program has discovered flaws that could allow a hacker to gain access to your data or even take over your entire computer.
They should notify you if a new Windows update is released. In many cases, you’ll have the option to schedule an update to run at a later time or to perform it immediately. It may be uncomfortable to wait for half an hour while an update is installed, but doing so is usually for the best.
However, the software isn’t the only thing that needs regular updates. Any program you install on your computer runs the risk of having bugs. Some programs will display a notification window once an update is available. Most upgrades are beneficial, but you should still exercise caution around them.
Some companies offer preview copies of their software to help with testing before it is released to the public. Since these are potentially unstable, use at your own risk is recommended. Some people prefer to wait a day or two after a stable release in case any major issues have been fixed. Simply set it away later and return to it when you’re ready.
A fake update is something else to keep an eye out for. Hackers could exploit these to get you to visit a malicious website or reveal sensitive information. You can avoid falling for them by reading up on the developer’s most recent software patch releases.
To determine if the warning you received is reasonable, you need to look up the most recent version. Alternatively, you can use a search engine to determine if the pop-up is a known scam by entering the text displayed in the pop-up.
Be Wary Of Email Attachments
Although email attachments are a great method to share information, they can also distribute malware. When opened carelessly, attachments might introduce viruses to your computer or provide hackers access to your sensitive information.
So how can you protect yourself? Initially, use care when opening attachments. Always err on the side of caution and remove any attachments you weren’t anticipating. Second, even if you’re expecting an email from someone you know, you should still scan it for viruses before opening it.
Many email programs will do this automatically, but double-checking is always a good idea. Finally, if you’re unsure whether an attachment is safe, contact the sender directly to confirm.
Don’t Download Pirated Software
When you download pirated software, you’re not just getting an illegal copy of a program-you’re also opening yourself up to a world of potential problems. For starters, pirated software is often laced with malware, infecting your computer and putting your personal information at risk.
In addition, pirated software is almost always poorly made and full of bugs. And if that wasn’t enough, downloading pirated software is also a crime that can come with stiff fines and even jail time. So if you’re thinking about downloading a pirated copy of a program, just remember: it’s not worth the risk.
Backup Your Files
The possibility of something happening to your computers, such as its loss, theft, or damage, exists regardless of how careful you are. This is why regular file backups are so crucial. That way, you can safeguard your data even if anything catastrophic happens to your PC. There are several ways to backup files, including using an external hard disk or a cloud-based platform.
Enable A Firewall
A firewall is a type of network security software that prevents intruders from accessing a private network or computer system. The ports on the computer are basically shut off, blocking any potential connections to your gadget. This prevents harmful programs from entering your device and spreading to other devices. It can also assist that none of your information leaves your machine.
It will handle anything entering your computer if the ports are open. If a hacker sent a harmful application, this would be disastrous. Even though it’s feasible to shut down ports manually, a firewall provides a quick and easy defense by doing it automatically. The firewall will only allow authorized programs and external devices to access the network.
If your OS already has a firewall (like Windows XP and later), you can use it. In Windows, go to the Settings menu, then select System and Security. If your operating System doesn’t have a firewall built-in, or if you just want some extra protection, you might want to install one.
A hardware firewall is another option. Those are available for purchase independently, but most modern home routers already have them built in.
Adjust Your Browser Settings
Your web browser has a variety of settings that you can adjust to improve your security while online. These settings include things like cookies, pop-ups, and JavaScript.
Websites store a small amount of data called cookies on your computer. Most websites use them to “remember” your settings or “log” you in. While they’re generally harmless, there is a possibility that you could use cookies to track your browsing habits. To adjust your cookie settings, go to your browser’s Tools or Preferences menu and look for the privacy or security settings.
Also, you can prevent pop-ups from appearing in most browsers. What we call “pop-ups” are the extra windows that load automatically whenever we visit certain websites. They’re generally used for advertising, but you can also use them to install malware. To block pop-ups, go to your browser’s Tools or Preferences menu and look for the settings related to pop-ups.
The JavaScript programming language enables websites to perform a wide variety of functions, from displaying animations to executing programs in the user’s browser. While JavaScript is generally safe, there is a possibility that you could use it to run malicious code on your computer.
Encrypt Your Data
The process of changing data from a readable format to an unreadable one is known as encryption. A key, which functions like a password, is used for this. You can’t access the information in there without the right key. There are numerous techniques available for encrypting data.
You may, for instance, employ a tool designed specifically for encrypting data files. These programs allow you to encrypt individual files or folders. You can also use whole disk encryption, which encrypts an entire drive. This is generally used for external hard drives or USB flash drives.
Alternatively, you could employ the use of an encrypted cloud storage provider. This ensures the security of your information even before it is uploaded to the cloud.
Use VPN
Virtual Private Network services encrypt data transmissions over the internet and direct them through a remote server. There are a few benefits to this:
- It makes it harder for prying eyes to monitor your online activity.
- Websites that are restricted in your country may become accessible.
- It might provide an additional layer of security when connecting to a public Wi-Fi network.
- Virtual private network (VPN) services range from free to premium. Paid services generally offer better security and performance, but free services can be a good option if you’re just looking for something basic.
Do your homework before committing to a virtual private network (VPN). In certain circumstances, VPN providers have been found to have sold user information they obtained from their services. Be advised that VPNs can make your internet connection sluggish as well. So if you’re looking for a VPN for streaming or gaming, you might choose a paid service offering better speeds.
Password Protects Your Software And Devices
One way to improve your security is to password-protect your software and devices; computers, phones, tablets, and everything else you use to access the internet fall into this category.
You can usually set a password in the settings menu of your device. For computers, you can also set a password in the BIOS or UEFI, the software that starts when you turn on your computer.
Once you have a password set, make sure to choose a strong password.
Final Words
Computer viruses are a serious threat to your security. The subject of how to keep safe online doesn’t have a single obvious solution. However, multiple layers of protection are always preferable. Hackers will have more difficulty gaining access to your devices and stealing your data if you put the information in this article into effect and follow its recommendations.